Acido ribonucleic (ARN o RNA) es un acido nucleic. Isto significa que ille consiste de un catena longe de unitates de nucleotide. Un nucleotide consiste de un basse nitrogenous nominate nucleobasse, un saccharo/sucre de ribose, e un phosphate. ARN es multo similarte con le ADN, ma ha differencias in alicun/pauc importante detailes de structura: in le cellula, ARN es monocatenari (consiste de un filo), durante que ADN es bicatenari; ARN nucleotides contine ribose durante que ADN contine deoxyribose (un typo de ribose ommite uno atomo de oxygeno); e ARN ha le base de uracil e non de thymine que es presente in ADN.

Acido ribonucleic
instantia de: structural class of chemical entities[*]
subclasse de: nucleic acids[*], biopolymer[*], gene product[*], polyribonucleotide[*]
parte de: RNA binding[*], RNA catabolic process[*], RNA metabolic process[*], RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis[*], RNA transport[*], RNA transmembrane transporter activity[*], protein-DNA-RNA complex[*], ribosoma, ribonucleoprotein granule[*], protein-lipid-RNA complex[*], HDL-containing protein-lipid-RNA complex[*], LDL-containing protein-lipid-RNA complex[*], ribonucleoprotein complex[*], RNA import into nucleus[*], RNA export from nucleus[*], RNA import into mitochondrion[*], gene silencing[*], RNA biosynthetic process[*], ATP-dependent activity, acting on RNA[*], catalytic activity, acting on RNA[*]


Commons: RNA

Structura modificar

 
Watson-Crick base pairs in a siRNA (hydrogen atoms are not shown)

Cate nucleotide in ARN contine un saccharo/sucre de ribose, con carbones numerotate 1' a 5'. Le bases pote formar ligamines de hydrogeno inter cytosine e guanine, inter adenine e uracil e inter guanine e uracil. ligamines de hydrogeno[1] Altere interactiones es possibile[2]

 
Secondary structure of a telomerase RNA

Mg2+[3]

Comparition con ADN modificar

ARN e ADN e differite in 3 characteristicas principal.

 
The 50S ribosomal subunit. RNA is in orange, protein in blue. The active site is in the middle (red).

Typos de ARN modificar

Patrono:Seealso

 
Structure of a hammerhead ribozyme, a ribozyme that cuts RNA

Historia de discoperta modificar

Le acidos nucleic esseva discoperta in 1868 de Friedrich Miescher, que nominate le material 'nuclein' proque ille esseva trovate in le nucleus.[4] Le cellules prokaryotic que non ha un nucleus, contine acidos nucleic, es un discoperta tarde. Le role de ARN in le synthese del protein esseva suspectate in 1939.[5]Severo Ochoa ha ganiate le Premio Nobel in medicina in 1959 dupo illo ha discoperta como ARN es synthesite.[6]

Vide etiam modificar

Referentias modificar

  1. "Diversity of base-pair conformations and their occurrence in rRNA structure and RNA structural motifs" (December 2004). Journal of Molecular Biology 344 (5): 1225–49. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2004.09.072. PMID 15561141. 
  2. Barciszewski J, Frederic B, Clark C (1999). RNA biochemistry and biotechnology. Springer, 73–87. ISBN 0792358627. OCLC 52403776. 
  3. Tan ZJ, Chen SJ (2008). "Salt dependence of nucleic acid hairpin stability". Biophys. J. 95: 738–52. doi:10.1529/biophysj.108.131524. PMID 18424500. 
  4. Dahm R (2005). "Friedrich Miescher and the discovery of DNA". Developmental Biology 278 (2): 274–88. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.11.028. PMID 15680349. 
  5. Caspersson T, Schultz J (1939). "Pentose nucleotides in the cytoplasm of growing tissues". Nature 143: 602–3. doi:10.1038/143602c0. 
  6. Ochoa S (1959). Enzymatic synthesis of ribonucleic acid. Nobel Lecture.

Ligamines externe modificar