Bodhisattva
In le buddhismo, un bodhisattva (sanscrito: बोधिसत्त्व) esse un creatura sur le via del illumination, vel del buddhitate.[1]
In le scholas buddhic antique, assi como adhuc in le buddhismo theravada, le parola ‘bodhisattva’ indica qualicuno qui ha decidite de devenir un buddha, e qui ha recepte un confirmation per un buddha illuminate que su effortios va producer le fructos desirate.[2]
In le buddhismo mahayana, un bodhisattva esse quicumque habe generate bodhicitta – le mente concentrate sur le attingimento del illumination – e qui vole ducer omne creatura sentiente a se illuminar.[3] In iste tradition, le bodhisattvas esse le equivalente spiritual de heroes qui, incitate per lor compassion, labora pro se eveliar. Iste esseres exemplifica alicun qualitates spiritual importantissime, sicut brahmaviharas (le assi-nominate ‘quatro domicilios divin’), id est maitri (benevolentia), karuna (compassion), mudita (gaudio empathic) e upeksha (equanimitate). A iste virtutes on etiam doverea adjunger le ‘perfectionamentos del bodhisattva’ (paramita), supertoto prajnaparamita, le cognoscentia transcendental.[4][5][6]
In le theravada, un bodhisattva es vise como un individuo plus unic que rar. Solmente pauc personas pote devenir bodhisattvas, sicut, per exemplo, Maitreya. In vice, in le mahayana, generalmente le idea esse que le cammin del bodhisattva esse aperte a omnes, e le mahayanis ipse incita totes a devenir bodhisattvas.[7][8] Bodhisattvas particularmente spiritualmente disveloppate – sicut Avalokiteshvara, Maitreya, Manjushri – esse de facto venerate in le mahayana, e le personas crede que illes habe magne poteres que illes usa pro adjuvar omne creatura vivente.[9]
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- (anglese) Concepto del bodhisattva
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- ↑ Skilling, Peter (2021). Questioning the Buddha: A Selection of Twenty-Five Sutras, Introduction, Simon and Schuster.
- ↑ Drewes, David, Mahayana Sūtras and Opening of the Bodhisattva Path, Paper presented at the XVIII the IABS Congress, Toronto 2017, Updated 2019.
- ↑ The Bodhisattva Vow: A Practical Guide to Helping Others, page 1, Tharpa Publications (2nd. ed., 1995), (ISBN 978-0-948006-50-0).
- ↑ Flanagan, Owen (2011-08-12). The Bodhisattva's Brain: Buddhism Naturalized (in en). MIT Press, 107. ISBN 978-0-262-29723-3.
- ↑ Pye, Michael (1978). Skillful Means – A concept in Mahayana Buddhism. London: Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd. (ISBN 0-7156-1266-2).
- ↑ Williams, Paul (2008). Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations, pp. 50–51. Routledge.
- ↑ Samuels, Jeffrey (July 1997). "The Bodhisattva Ideal in Theravada Buddhist Theory and Practice: A Reevaluation of the Bodhisattva-Śravaka Opposition". Philosophy East and West 47 (3): 399–415. University of Hawai'i Press. doi:.
- ↑ Skorupski, Tadeusz. The Historical Spectrum of the Bodhisattva Ideal. The Middle Way. Journal of the Buddhist Society. August 2000. Vol. 75, No.2, 95–106.
- ↑ Williams 2008, pp. 220–221