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Description709 2017 1147 Fig3c.jpg
English: Membrane structre of an algal chromista cell (myzozoa). These originated by secondary intracellular enslavement of a red algal plant cell. Both target nuclear-coded proteins to plastids by transit peptides (TPs) recognised by outer membrane (OM, blue) Toc receptors and to mitochondria (enslaved α-proteobacteria) by topogenic sequences recognised by OM Tom receptors. For clarity, peroxisomes and lysosomes omitted. Myzozoa lack periplastid ribosomes, phycobilins, and nucleomorph DNA; thylakoids are stacked in threes; PPM (present in Apicomplexa—red dashed line; lost in Dinozoa) and plastids are not within the rough ER. The original phagosome membrane (now epiplastid membrane, EpM) remains smooth and receives vesicles (V) containing nucleus-encoded plastid proteins from the Golgi. Dinozoa lack PR, but Apicomplexa have a likely homologue (not shown).
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Uploaded a work by Thomas Cavalier-Smith from Fig. 3+6 at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3 Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences. In: Protoplasma 255, doi:10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3 with UploadWizard