Testudines es un ordine de Sauropsida qui contine 14 familias actual de tortucas. Se distribute in duo subordines secundo le movimento del collo pro proteger le capite in le carapace:

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Wikipedia:Uso de taxobox
Testudines
Rango fossile:
Late Jurassic – Present

Classification scientific
Dominio: Eukaryota
Regno: Animalia
Subregno: Bilateria
Phylo: Chordata
Superclasse: Tetrapoda
(sin rango) Amniota
Classe: Sauropsida
Ordine
Testudines
Batsch, 1788[1]
Synonymia
  • Chelonii Latreille 1800
  • Chelonia Ross and Macartney 1802
Blau: marine tortucas; nigre: terrestre
Blau: marine tortucas; nigre: terrestre
Subordines:

Phylogenia modificar

Cladogramma externe modificar

Secundo Crawford et al. (2012)[2] e Gemmell et al. (2020)[3]:

Amniota 
 Synapsida 

 (Mammiferos e mammalian "reptiles")


 Sauropsida 

 Parareptilia


 Sauria 
 Lepidosauria 

 Rhynchocephalia (Sphenodon)



 Squamata (lacertas e serpentes)





 Testudines (tortucas)


 Archosauria 
Crurotarsi

 Crocodilia


 Avemetatarsalia 

 Pterosauria


 Dinosauria 

 Sauropoda † (Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus)


 Theropoda 

 Tyrannosauridae



 Aves











Cladogramma interne modificar

Le phylogenia interne es le sequente:[4][5]

Testudines 
 Pleurodira 


 Pelomedusidae  



 Podocnemididae  




 Chelidae  



 Cryptodira 


 Testudinoidea 

 Testudinidae

 


 Geoemydidae

 




 Platysternidae

 


 Emydidae

 






 Chelydroidea 

 Chelydridae  




 Dermatemydidae  



 Kinosternidae  




 Chelonioidea
 Dermochelyidae

  


 Cheloniidae

 





 Trionychia 
 Carettochelyidae

 


 Trionychidae

 






Referentias modificar

  1. Turtle Taxonomy Working Group (2017). Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status, 8th, Chelonian Research Monographs (no. 1) 7, Chelonian Research Foundation: Turtle Conservancy, 10, 24. doi:10.3854/crm.7.checklist.atlas.v8.2017. ISBN 978-1-5323-5026-9. OCLC 1124067380. 
  2. Crawford, N.G.; Faircloth, B.C.; McCormack, J.E.; Brumfield, R.T.; Winker, K.; Glenn, T.C. More than 1000 ultraconserved elements provide evidence that turtles are the sister group of archosaurs. Biol. Lett. 2012, 8, 783–786.
  3. Gemmell, N.J.; Rutherford, K.; Prost, S.; Tollis, M.; Winter, D.; Macey, J.R.; Adelson, D.L.; Suh, A.; Bertozzi, T.; Grau, J.H.; et al. The tuatara genome reveals ancient features of amniote evolution. Nature 2020, 584, 403–409.
  4. "A Phylogenomic Analysis of Turtles" (2015). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 83: 250–257. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.10.021. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 25450099. 
  5. "A Global Phylogeny of Turtles Reveals a Burst of Climate-associated Diversification on Continental Margins" (February 8, 2021). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118 (7). doi:10.1073/pnas.2012215118. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 33558231. Bibcode2021PNAS..11812215T.